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The IRS 8857 form is an important document for individuals seeking relief from joint tax liabilities. It is primarily used by spouses who wish to request innocent spouse relief, separation of liability relief, or equitable relief from tax owed due to their partner's actions. When tax issues arise, such as underreporting or incorrect deductions, it can create significant financial burdens and stress for those unaware of the situation. By filing Form 8857, individuals can protect themselves from unfair penalties associated with their spouse's tax-related decisions. Additionally, the form allows taxpayers to provide information regarding their situation, enabling the IRS to evaluate requests fairly. Understanding the eligibility requirements, necessary documentation, and submission process is essential to successfully navigating this form and obtaining the relief needed.

Form Sample

Form 8857

(Rev. January 2014)

Department of the Treasury

Internal Revenue Service (99)

Request for Innocent Spouse Relief

Information about Form 8857 and its separate instructions is at www.irs.gov/form8857.

OMB No. 1545-1596

Important things you should know

Do not file this form with your tax return. See Where To File in the instructions.

Review and follow the instructions to complete this form. Instructions can be obtained at www.irs.gov/form8857 or by calling 1-800-TAX-FORM (1-800-829-3676).

While your request is being considered, the IRS generally cannot collect any tax from you for the year(s) you request relief. However, filing this form extends the amount of time the IRS has to collect the tax you owe, if any, for those years.

The IRS is required by law to notify the person on line 5 that you requested this relief. That person will have the opportunity to participate in the process by completing a questionnaire about the tax years you enter on line 3. This will be done before the IRS issues preliminary and final determination letters.

• The IRS will not disclose the following information: your current name, address, phone numbers, or employer.

Part I Should you file this form?

Generally, both you and your spouse are responsible, jointly and individually, for paying any tax, interest, or penalties from your joint return. If you believe your current or former spouse should be solely responsible for an erroneous item or an underpayment of tax from your joint tax return, you may be eligible for innocent spouse relief.

Innocent spouse relief may also be available if you were a resident of a community property state (see list of community property states in the instructions) and did not file a joint federal income tax return and you believe you should not be held responsible for the tax attributable to an item of community income.

1Do either of the paragraphs above describe your situation?

Yes. You should file this Form 8857. Go to question 2.

No. Do not file this Form 8857, but go to question 2 to see if you need to file a different form.

2Did the IRS take your share of a joint refund from any tax year to pay any of the following past-due debt(s) owed ONLY by your

spouse? • Child support • Spousal support • Student loan (or other federal nontax debt) • Federal or state taxes

Yes. You may be able to get back your share of the refund. See Form 8379, Injured Spouse Allocation, and the instructions to that form. Go to question 3 if you answered "Yes" to question 1.

No. Go to question 3 if you answered "Yes" to question 1. If you answered "No" to question 1, do not file this form.

3If you determine you should file this form, enter each tax year you want innocent spouse relief. It is important to enter the correct year. For example, if the IRS used your 2011 income tax refund to pay a 2009 joint tax liability, enter tax year 2009, not tax year 2011.

Tax Year

 

Tax Year

 

Tax Year

Tax Year

 

Tax Year

 

Tax Year

Part II Tell us about yourself and your spouse for the tax years you want relief

4Your current name (see instructions)

Your social security number

Address where you wish to be contacted. If this is a change of address, see instructions.

Number and street or P.O. box

Apt. no.

County

 

 

 

City, town or post office, state, and ZIP code. If a foreign address, see instructions.

Best or safest daytime phone

 

number (between 6 a.m. and 5

 

p.m. Eastern Time)

5Who was your spouse for the tax years you want relief? File a separate Form 8857 for tax years involving different spouses or former spouses.

That person’s current name

Social security number (if known)

 

 

Current home address (number and street) (if known). If a P.O. box, see instructions.

Apt. no.

City, town or post office, state, and ZIP code. If a foreign address, see instructions.

Daytime phone number (between 6 a.m. and 5 p.m. Eastern Time)

For Privacy Act and Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see instructions.

Cat. No. 24647V

Form 8857 (Rev. 1-2014)

Form 8857 (Rev. 1-2014)

Page 2

Note. If you need more room to write your answer for any question, attach more pages. Be sure to write your name and social security number on the top of all pages you attach.

Part II Tell us about yourself and your spouse for the tax years you want relief (Continued)

6What is the current marital status between you and the person on line 5?

Married and still living together

Married and living apart since

 

MM

DD

YYYY

Widowed since

 

 

 

Attach a photocopy of the death certificate and will (if one exists).

 

MM

DD

YYYY

Legally separated since

 

 

 

Attach a photocopy of your entire separation agreement.

 

MM

DD

YYYY

Divorced since

 

 

 

Attach a photocopy of your entire divorce decree.

 

MM

DD

YYYY

Note. A divorce decree stating that your former spouse must pay all taxes does not necessarily mean you qualify for relief.

7What was the highest level of education you had completed when the return(s) were filed? If the answers are not the same for all tax years, explain.

Did not complete high school

High school diploma or equivalent

Some college

College degree or higher. List any degrees you have

List any college-level business or tax-related courses you completed

Explain

8Were you or other members of your family a victim of spousal abuse or domestic violence, or suffering the effects of such abuse during any of the tax years you want relief or when any of the returns were filed for those years?

Yes. If you want the IRS to consider this information in making its determination, complete Part V of this form in addition to other parts of the form. First read the instructions for Part V, to understand how the IRS will proceed with evaluating your claim for relief in these circumstances.

If you checked “Yes” above, we will put a note on your separate account. This will enable us to respond appropriately and be sensitive to your situation. We will remove the note from your account if you request it (as explained in the instructions).

If you do not want us to put a note on your account, check here . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No. Complete the other parts of this form except for Part V.

9When any of the returns listed on line 3 were filed, did you have a mental or physical health problem or do you have a mental or physical health problem now? If the answers are not the same for all tax years, explain below.

Yes. Attach a statement to explain the problem and when it started. Provide photocopies of any documentation, such as medical bills or a doctor’s report or letter.

No. Explain

10 Is there any information you are afraid to provide on this form, but are willing to discuss?

Yes

No

Part III Tell us if and how you were involved with finances and preparing returns for those tax years

11Did you agree to file a joint return? Explain why or why not

Yes

No

12Did you sign the joint return? See instructions. Explain why or why not

Yes

No

Form 8857 (Rev. 1-2014)

Form 8857 (Rev. 1-2014)

Page 3

Note. If you need more room to write your answer for any question, attach more pages. Be sure to write your name and social security number on the top of all pages you attach.

Part III

Tell us if and how you were involved with finances and preparing returns for those tax years (Continued)

13What was your involvement with preparing the returns? Check all that apply and explain, if necessary. If the answers are not the same for all tax years, explain.

You were not involved in preparing the returns.

You filled out or helped fill out the returns.

You gathered receipts and cancelled checks.

You gave tax documents (such as Forms W-2, 1099, etc.) for the preparation of the returns.

You reviewed the returns before they were filed.

You did not review the returns before they were filed. Explain below why you did not review the returns.

You did not know a joint return was filed.

Other

Explain how you were involved

14When the returns were filed, what did you know about any incorrect or missing information? Check all that apply and explain, if necessary. If the answers are not the same for all tax years, explain below.

You knew something was incorrect or missing, but you said nothing. Explain below.

You knew something was incorrect or missing and asked about it. Explain below.

You did not know anything was incorrect or missing.

Not applicable. There was no incorrect or missing information.

Explain

15When any of the returns were filed, what did you know about the income of the person on line 5? Check all that apply and explain, if necessary. If the answers are not the same for all tax years, explain.

You knew that the person on line 5 had income.

List each type of income on the lines provided below. (Examples are wages, social security, gambling winnings, or self- employment business income.) Enter each tax year and the amount of income for each type you listed. If you do not know any details, enter “I don’t know.”

You knew that the person on line 5 was self-employed and you helped with the books and records.

You knew that the person on line 5 was self-employed and you did not help with the books and records.

You knew that the person on line 5 had no income.

You did not know whether the person on line 5 had income. Explain why you did not know whether the person on line 5 had income

16When the returns were filed, did you know if the returns showed a balance due to the IRS for those tax years? If the answers are not the same for all tax years, explain.

Yes. Explain when and how you thought the amount of tax reported on the return would be paid

No. Explain why you did not know the return showed a balance due.

Not applicable. There was no balance due on the return.

17When any of the returns were filed, were you having financial problems (for example, bankruptcy or bills you could not pay)? If the answers are not the same for all tax years, explain.

Yes. Explain

No.

Did not know. Explain

Form 8857 (Rev. 1-2014)

Form 8857 (Rev. 1-2014)

Page 4

Note. If you need more room to write your answer for any question, attach more pages. Be sure to write your name and social security number on the top of all pages you attach.

Part III Tell us if and how you were involved with finances and preparing returns for those tax years (Continued)

18For the years you want relief, how were you involved in the household finances? Check all that apply. If the answers are not the same for all tax years, explain.

You were not involved in handling money for the household. Explain below.

You knew the person on line 5 had separate accounts.

You had joint accounts with the person on line 5, but you had limited use of them or did not use them. Explain below.

You used joint accounts with the person on line 5. You made deposits, paid bills, balanced the checkbook, or reviewed the monthly bank statements.

You made decisions about how money was spent. For example, you paid bills or made decisions about household purchases.

Other

Explain anything else you want to tell us about your household finances

19Did you (or the person on line 5) incur any large expenses, such as trips, home improvements, or private schooling, or make any large purchases, such as automobiles, appliances, or jewelry, during any of the years you want relief or any later years?

Yes. Describe (a) the types and amounts of the expenses and purchases and (b) the years they were incurred or made.

No.

20Has the person on line 5 ever transferred assets (money or property) to you? (Property includes real estate, stocks, bonds, or other property that you own or possess now or possessed in the past.) See instructions.

Yes. List the assets, the dates they were transferred, and their fair market values on the dates transferred. If the property was

secured by any debt (such as a mortgage on real estate), explain who was responsible for making payments on the debt, how much was owed on the debt at the time of transfer and whether the debt has been satisfied. Explain why the assets were transferred to you. If you no longer possess or own the assets, explain what happened with the assets.

No.

Part IV Tell us about your current financial situation

21Tell us about your assets. Your assets are your money and property. Property includes real estate, motor vehicles, stocks, bonds, and other property that you own. In the table below, list the amount of cash you have on hand and in your bank accounts. Also list each item of property, the fair market value (as defined in the instructions) of each item, and the balance of any outstanding loans you used to acquire each item. Do not list any money or property you listed on line 20.

Description of Assets

Fair Market Value

Balance of Any Outstanding Loans You Used To Acquire the Asset

Form 8857 (Rev. 1-2014)

Other:
Child and dependent care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Caregiver expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income tax withholding (federal, state, and local) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Estimated tax payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Term life insurance premiums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retirement contributions (employer required) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retirement contributions (voluntary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Union dues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unpaid state and local taxes (minimum payment) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Student loans (minimum payment) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Court-ordered debt payments (for example, court- or agency-ordered child support, alimony and garnishments). List each type below:
Type
Type
Type
Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Monthly Expenses

Form 8857 (Rev. 1-2014)

Page 5

Note. If you need more room to write your answer for any question, attach more pages. Be sure to write your name and social security number on the top of all pages you attach.

Part IV

Tell us about your current financial situation (Continued)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

22

How many people are currently in your household, including yourself?

Adults

 

 

Children

 

 

23

Tell us your current average monthly income and expenses for your entire household.

 

 

 

 

 

Monthly Income — If family or friends are helping to support you, include the amount of support as gifts below.

 

Amount

 

 

Gifts

 

 

 

 

 

Wages (Gross pay)

 

 

 

 

 

Pensions

 

 

 

 

 

Unemployment

 

 

 

 

 

Social security

 

 

 

 

 

Government assistance, such as housing, food stamps, grants

 

 

 

 

 

Alimony

 

 

 

 

 

Child support

 

 

 

 

 

Self-employment business income

 

 

 

 

 

Rental income

 

 

 

 

 

Interest and dividends

 

 

 

 

 

Other income, such as disability payments, gambling winnings, etc. List each type below:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Type

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Type

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Type

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Monthly Income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Monthly Expenses — Enter all expenses, including expenses paid with income from gifts.

 

 

Amount

 

 

Food and Personal Care:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Food

 

 

 

 

 

Housekeeping supplies

 

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 

 

 

 

 

Clothing and clothing services

 

 

 

 

 

Personal care products and services

 

 

 

 

Transportation:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Auto loan/lease payment, gas, insurance, licenses, parking, maintenance, etc

 

 

 

 

 

Public transportation

 

 

 

 

Housing and Utilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rent or mortgage

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate taxes and insurance

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 

 

 

 

 

Electric, oil, gas, water, trash, etc.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 

 

 

 

 

Telephone and cell phone

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 

 

 

 

 

Cable and Internet

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 

 

 

 

Medical:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Health insurance premiums

 

 

 

 

 

Out-of-pocket expenses

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Form 8857 (Rev. 1-2014)

Form 8857 (Rev. 1-2014)

Page 6

Note. If you need more room to write your answer for any question, attach more pages. Be sure to write your name and social security number on the top of all pages you attach.

Part V Complete this part if you were (or are now) a victim of domestic violence or spousal abuse

As stated in line 8, providing this additional information is not mandatory but may strengthen your request. Additionally, if you prefer to provide this information orally, check the "Yes" box on line 10.

If you were (or are now) a victim of domestic violence or spousal abuse by the person on line 5, the IRS will consider the information you provide in this part to determine whether to grant innocent spouse relief. However, the IRS is required by law to notify the person on line 5 that you requested this relief. There are no exceptions to this rule. That person will have the opportunity to participate in the process by completing a questionnaire about the tax years you entered on line 3. This will be done before the IRS issues preliminary and final determination letters. However, the IRS is also required by law to keep all the personal identifying information (such as current names, addresses, and employment-related information) of both you and the person on line 5 confidential. This means that the IRS cannot disclose one person's information to the other person. If the IRS does not grant you relief and you choose to petition the Tax Court, your personal identifying information is available, unless you ask the Tax Court to withhold it.

The person on line 5 will receive a questionnaire about the tax years you entered on line 3. Except for your current name, address, phone numbers, and employer, this form and any attachments could be disclosed to the person on line 5. If you have any privacy concerns, see instructions.

The IRS understands and is sensitive to the effects of domestic violence and spousal abuse, and encourages victims of domestic violence to call 911 if they are in immediate danger. If you have concerns about your safety, please consider contacting the 24-Hour (Confidential) National Domestic Violence Hotline at 1-800-799-SAFE (7233), or 1-800-787-3224 (TTY), or 1-855-812-1001 (Video Phone Only for Deaf Callers) before you file this form.

A representative from the IRS may call you to gather more information and discuss your request. Be sure you enter your correct contact information on line 4.

24a During any of the tax years for which you are seeking relief or when any of the returns were filed for those years, did the person on line 5 do any of the following? Check all that apply. (Note. If this does not apply to you, skip lines 24a, b, and c, and complete lines 25 through 29.)

Physically harm or threaten you, your children, or other members of your family.

Sexually abuse you, your children, or other members of your family.

Make you afraid to disagree with him/her.

Criticize or insult you or frequently put you down.

Withhold money for food, clothing, or other basic needs.

Make most or all the decisions for you, including financial decisions.

Restrict or control who you could see or talk to or where you could go.

Isolate you or keep you from contacting your family members and/or friends.

Cause you to fear for your safety in any other way.

Stalk you, your children, or other members of your family.

Abuse alcohol or drugs.

bDescribe the abuse you experienced, including approximately when it began and how it may have affected you, your children, or other members of your family. Explain how this abuse affected your ability to question the reporting of items on your tax return or the payment of the tax due on your return.

cAttach photocopies of any documentation you have, such as:

Protection and/or restraining order.

Police reports.

Medical records.

Doctor's report or letter.

25 Are you afraid of the person listed on line 5?

Injury photographs.

A statement from someone who was aware of or witnessed the abuse or the results of the abuse (notarized if possible).

Any other documentation you may have.

Yes

No

26 Does the person listed on line 5 pose a danger to you, your children, or other members of your family?

Yes

No

27 Were the police, sheriff, or other law enforcement ever called?

Yes

No

28 Was the person listed on line 5 charged or arrested for abusing you, your children, or other members of your family?

Yes. Provide details below.

No

29Have you sought help from a local domestic violence program? Yes. Provide details below.

No

Form 8857 (Rev. 1-2014)

Form 8857 (Rev. 1-2014)

Page 7

Note. If you need more room to write your answer for any question, attach more pages. Be sure to write your name and social security number on the top of all pages you attach.

Part VI

Additional Information

30Please provide any other information you want us to consider in determining whether it would be unfair to hold you liable for the tax.

Part VII Tell us if you would like a refund

31 By checking this box and signing this form, you are indicating that you would like a refund if you qualify for relief and if you already paid the tax. See instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Caution

By signing this form, you understand that, by law, we must contact the person on line 5. See instructions for details.

Sign

Here

Keep a copy for your records.

Paid

Preparer

Use Only

Under penalties of perjury, I declare that I have examined this form and any accompanying schedules and statements, and to the best of my knowledge and belief, they are true, correct, and complete. Declaration of preparer (other than taxpayer) is based on all information of which preparer has any knowledge.

 

F

Your signature

 

 

 

 

 

Date

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Print/Type preparer’s name

 

Preparer's signature

 

Date

 

Check

if

 

PTIN

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

self-employed

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Firm’s name

 

 

 

 

Firm's EIN

 

 

 

 

Firm's address

 

 

 

 

Phone no.

 

 

 

Form 8857 (Rev. 1-2014)

Document Specifications

Fact Name Description
Purpose The IRS Form 8857 is used to request innocent spouse relief, which can protect one partner from joint liability for taxes owed.
Eligibility To qualify, the individual must prove that they did not know, and had no reason to know, about the tax issues that led to the liability.
Filing Deadline The form generally should be filed within two years of the IRS collections effort for it to be considered valid.
State-Specific Forms Some states may have similar forms following their own laws; for example, California's Revenue and Taxation Code Section 17031 provides a pathway for innocent spouse relief at the state level.

Steps to Filling Out IRS 8857

Once you've gathered the necessary information about your tax situation and your reasons for filing the form, the next step is to fill out IRS Form 8857 correctly. This form helps you to seek relief from joint tax liabilities, which can often seem overwhelming. Follow these steps closely to complete the form accurately.

  1. Begin by providing your name, social security number, and contact information at the top of the form. Make sure your details are accurate to avoid any processing delays.
  2. Next, indicate your filing status for the year in which you are seeking relief. Choose from options such as 'Married Filing Jointly' or 'Married Filing Separately.'
  3. In section 3, detail the spouse or former spouse's information. This includes their name and social security number, ensuring that both parties' identities are clear.
  4. Provide a summary of your tax liability in section 4. Specify the years you are seeking relief for and the amounts owed, including any penalties or interest.
  5. Section 5 requires you to explain why you believe you should not be held responsible for the taxes. Be clear and concise, citing specific facts or circumstances that support your claim.
  6. In section 6, highlight any relevant financial information. This might include your current income, assets, and liabilities, which will support your request.
  7. In section 7, if applicable, mention any efforts you have made to reach an agreement with the IRS or your spouse regarding the tax issues.
  8. Finally, review the entire form for accuracy. Once you're satisfied, sign and date it at the bottom. Don't forget to keep a copy for your records before submitting it to the IRS.

After submitting the form, it may take some time for the IRS to process your application. Remain patient, and stay informed about any communications you receive from them, as they may request additional information to process your claim.

More About IRS 8857

What is IRS Form 8857?

IRS Form 8857, also known as the Request for Innocent Spouse Relief, is a form that individuals can file to seek relief from joint tax liability. Typically, this applies in situations where one spouse believes they should not be held responsible for all or part of the tax owed due to issues related to the other spouse's actions, such as underreporting income or claiming false deductions. This form is crucial for those who find themselves in a situation where they're unfairly penalized due to their spouse's discrepancies on a joint tax return.

Who can file Form 8857?

Any individual who has filed a joint tax return with a spouse may be eligible to file Form 8857. To qualify, the individual must demonstrate that they were unaware of issues leading to the tax liability when the return was filed. Additionally, certain conditions apply, such as the timeframe within which the request must be made—typically within two years of the IRS's initial collection activity. Individual circumstances vary, so reviewing qualifications carefully is essential.

What are the eligibility criteria for innocent spouse relief?

To qualify for innocent spouse relief, the applicant must meet several criteria. First, you must have filed a joint return. Second, you must prove that you did not know and had no reason to know about the understatements or erroneous deductions. Finally, the claim must be made within the statutory period, which usually means filing Form 8857 within two years of when the IRS began collection activities. Other criteria, such as the unfairness of holding you liable, may also be considered.

How long does it take to process Form 8857?

Processing times for Form 8857 can vary. Generally, it may take several months for the IRS to review and respond to the request. Factors such as the complexity of the case, the need for additional information, or IRS workload could affect this timeline. Applicants should ensure they provide complete information to avoid delays. Keeping communication lines open with the IRS can also help track the progress of the request.

What happens after I submit Form 8857?

Once Form 8857 is submitted, the IRS will review the request. You will receive a notice acknowledging receipt of the form. The IRS may request additional information or documentation during their review. After completing their evaluation, they will make a determination and notify you of their decision. Decisions can be appealed if the request for relief is denied, and the process for that will be outlined in the IRS's correspondence.

Can I still file for other types of relief while waiting for a decision on Form 8857?

Yes, you can pursue other forms of relief while waiting for a decision on Form 8857. However, it’s crucial to be aware of how these actions might impact your tax situation. For example, requesting an audit reconsideration or filing for an offer in compromise may affect your eligibility for innocent spouse relief. Consulting with a tax professional can help you navigate your options effectively.

Common mistakes

  1. Incorrect Personal Information: People often enter wrong names, Social Security numbers, or addresses. Make sure these details match your tax records exactly.

  2. Inaccurate Description of Circumstances: Failing to accurately describe the events that led to your tax liability can result in delays or denials. Be clear and complete in your explanation.

  3. Missing Signature: It might seem simple, but forgetting to sign and date the form is a common mistake. Ensure you sign it before submission.

  4. Not Including Required Documentation: Supporting documents are essential. Failing to attach necessary records can lead to processing issues. Double-check what you need to include.

  5. Incomplete or Incorrect Financial Information: Misreporting income, deductions, or credits can undermine your request. Double-check your figures for accuracy.

  6. Missing Deadline: Submitting the form late can jeopardize your chances of receiving tax relief. Pay attention to all deadlines and plan ahead.

Documents used along the form

The IRS Form 8857, also known as the Request for Innocent Spouse Relief, is an important document for individuals seeking relief from tax liability due to their spouse’s actions. To support your request effectively, there are several other forms and documents that may also be relevant in this context. Below is a list of commonly used forms that might accompany Form 8857, each serving its own purpose in the process of seeking tax relief.

  • IRS Form 1040: This is the standard individual income tax return form. It provides a comprehensive account of your income, deductions, and credits for the tax year in question, which is essential for context when applying for innocent spouse relief.
  • IRS Form 8857-B: This form is used as an amendment to the original Form 8857. If there are any changes or additional information needed to clarify your situation, this form can help in updating your request.
  • IRS Form 4565: Known as the "Excess Contributions to Individual Retirement Accounts," this form is applicable if you are claiming a deduction related to retirement contributions that might influence your tax outcome.
  • Form 940: This is the Employer’s Annual Federal Unemployment (FUTA) Tax Return. While it primarily concerns businesses, if your spouse's employment situation affects your overall tax liability, this form may be relevant.
  • IRS Form 9465: This form is used to apply for an installment agreement. If you cannot pay your tax bill in full, it’s critical to show a willingness to address the debt, which can strengthen your request for relief.
  • Tax Account Transcript: This document provides a history of your tax returns and account status with the IRS. It can offer insights into your financial situation, proving essential in the evaluation of your innocent spouse claim.
  • Form 8822: Change of Address. If you’re filing for innocent spouse relief and have moved, updating your address is crucial to ensure all correspondence reaches you without delay.
  • Income documentation: This could include W-2s, 1099s, and any other income-related documents. They are necessary to show your financial situation accurately, offering clarity on your request.

Understanding these forms and documents can aid in the preparation of a strong case for innocent spouse relief. Each piece of documentation helps to illustrate your circumstances more clearly, ensuring that your request is reviewed fairly. Always consider seeking guidance if you have questions about your specific situation, as navigating tax issues can often feel overwhelming.

Similar forms

The IRS Form 8857, also known as the "Request for Innocent Spouse Relief," can be likened to Form 844, which is utilized for relief from joint liability. Just like Form 8857, Form 844 allows individuals to request a reduction of their tax liability based on a shared return. Both forms aim to provide relief to a spouse who feels unfairly burdened by tax debts incurred during a joint filing, representing the interests of individuals in complicated tax situations when one spouse may not have been fully aware of the other’s financial actions.

Another similar document is Form 8858, which deals with Foreign Tax Credit and international tax reporting. While Form 8858 focuses on foreign income and the necessary reporting to claim a tax credit, its purpose aligns with Form 8857 in that both involve the sharing of financial responsibilities between spouses. Each form requires individuals to disclose pertinent financial information to determine eligibility for relief or credits.

Form 1040X, the Amended U.S. Individual Income Tax Return, also shares similarities with Form 8857. While 1040X is used primarily to correct errors on previously filed tax returns, both documents serve to rectify tax responsibilities jointly held by spouses. After submitting a 1040X, an individual may seek additional relief under Form 8857 if they believe their partner should be liable for certain tax debts that were incorrectly reported.

Likewise, IRS Form 8862, titled "Information to Claim Certain Refundable Credits After Disallowance," relates closely to Form 8857. Both forms cater to individuals who seek a way to claim relief after experiencing tax disallowance. In each case, individuals must provide evidence that supports their claims concerning shared tax responsibilities or prior disallowed credits.

Form 943, which is used for annual payroll and tax returns related to agricultural employees, is another document that bears resemblance to Form 8857. In both cases, obligations from shared financial partnerships can have serious implications if mismanaged. Each form highlights the necessity for accurate reporting and the potential for individuals to seek relief from liability unfairly assumed due to a spouse’s actions.

Form 8862, "Information to Claim Certain Refundable Credits After Disallowance," plays a similar role as it addresses the need for individuals to regain access to previously denied tax credits. While not specifically tied to spouse's liability like Form 8857, it underscores the importance of rectifying one’s tax situation after disallowance while sharing the burden of any joint reporting.

Finally, Form 4506-T, the Request for Transcript of Tax Return, bears similarities to Form 8857 in that it can help individuals gather necessary documents to support their claims. When filing Form 8857, individuals may need transcripts of previous tax returns to substantiate their request for innocent spouse relief. Both forms illustrate a pathway toward achieving fairness in tax liability situations when multiple stakeholders are involved.

Dos and Don'ts

When filling out the IRS Form 8857, it's essential to approach the process with care and attention. Here are four things you should do, as well as four things you should avoid:

  • Do provide accurate information. Ensure that all details entered on the form are truthful and verifiable.
  • Do seek assistance if needed. Consulting with a tax professional can help clarify any confusing points.
  • Do keep copies of everything. Maintain records of the submitted form and any supporting documents.
  • Do be aware of the deadlines. Submit your form on time to prevent any penalties or delays.
  • Don't rush the process. Take your time to fill out the form correctly, as errors can lead to complications.
  • Don't leave sections blank. Fill out all required fields to avoid processing delays or denials.
  • Don't ignore instructions. Carefully read the instructions provided with the form to ensure compliance.
  • Don't forget to sign and date. Omitting your signature can result in the form being rejected.

Misconceptions

The IRS Form 8857, also known as the Request for Innocent Spouse Relief, can be surrounded by misunderstandings. Here are nine common misconceptions about this form.

  1. Only married couples can file Form 8857.

    This is not true. Even if you are divorced or separated, you can still request relief by filing this form.

  2. You must file Form 8857 immediately after discovering a tax issue.

    You actually have up to two years from the date the IRS begins collection actions against you to file.

  3. Filing this form guarantees you will not owe any taxes.

    Filing for innocent spouse relief does not automatically eliminate your tax liability. It only seeks relief from joint liabilities under certain conditions.

  4. The form can be filed for any tax year.

    Generally, you can file for tax years within the last two years of the IRS's collection actions.

  5. All joint filers are eligible for relief.

    Not everyone qualifies. To get relief, you must meet specific criteria, such as proving you did not know about the tax issues.

  6. You can't request relief if you knew about the errors.

    This is misleading. If you had knowledge but can show it was unfair to hold you responsible, you may still be eligible.

  7. The IRS will automatically approve all requests for innocent spouse relief.

    In reality, each request is reviewed on a case-by-case basis. Approval is not guaranteed, even with valid reasons.

  8. Form 8857 is the only option for relief from joint tax liability.

    There are other avenues, including equitable relief or separation of liability, depending on individual circumstances.

  9. This form can be filed without supporting documents.

    You will likely need to provide evidence supporting your claim, such as financial statements or proof of communication about the taxes.

Key takeaways

  • The IRS 8857 form, known as the "Request for Innocent Spouse Relief," can help individuals request relief from joint tax liability.
  • Eligibility for this form includes being a spouse who signed a joint tax return while being unaware of any misreporting or omissions.
  • It is crucial to complete the form accurately, providing detailed explanations of the circumstances that justify the request.
  • Submissions must be made on time to ensure consideration for the current tax year, with strict deadlines to follow.
  • Documentation supporting the claim should be attached, such as tax returns and evidence of the spouse's misconduct.
  • The IRS requires the form to be submitted separately from other tax returns; it cannot be included with regular filings.
  • Once submitted, the IRS may take several months to respond, so patience is essential during this period.
  • Appeals are possible if the request is denied, allowing the individual to provide further evidence or clarification.
  • Consulting with a tax professional can be beneficial, especially for navigating complex situations or understanding eligibility.