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The IRS 2106 form, formally known as the Employee Business Expenses form, plays a crucial role for employees seeking to claim deductions for certain work-related expenses. This form is primarily utilized by individuals who are not reimbursed by their employers for costs incurred during the performance of their job duties. It encompasses a variety of expenses, including mileage for travel, meals, lodging, and other necessary costs tied directly to job functions. The IRS allows taxpayers to deduct these expenses to reduce their taxable income, provided they meet specific criteria. While the process may seem straightforward, it involves detailed recordkeeping to substantiate claims. Comprehensively completing the form requires careful attention to the nature of expenses, as well as understanding the distinction between unreimbursed employee expenses and other deductions. Proper completion of the IRS 2106 enables employees to potentially reap substantial tax benefits and is an essential tool for managing finances related to employment responsibilities.

Form Sample

Form 2106

 

Employee Business Expenses

 

 

 

OMB No. 1545-0074

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(for use only by Armed Forces reservists, qualified performing artists, fee-basis state or local

 

2020

 

 

 

 

government officials, and employees with impairment-related work expenses)

 

Department of the Treasury

 

Attach to Form 1040, 1040-SR, or 1040-NR.

 

 

 

Attachment

Internal Revenue Service (99)

 

Go to www.irs.gov/Form2106 for instructions and the latest information.

 

Sequence No. 129

Your name

 

 

 

 

Occupation in which you incurred expenses

Social security number

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Employee Business Expenses and Reimbursements

 

 

 

 

 

Part I

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Step 1 Enter Your Expenses

Column A

 

Column B

Other Than

 

Meals

 

 

 

 

 

 

Meals

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Vehicle expense from line 22 or line 29. (Rural mail carriers: See instructions.) . . .

1

 

 

 

 

2Parking fees, tolls, and transportation, including train, bus, etc., that didn’t involve

overnight travel or commuting to and from work

2

3Travel expense while away from home overnight, including lodging, airplane, car

 

rental, etc. Don't include meals

3

 

 

4

Business expenses not included on lines 1 through 3. Don’t include meals . . . .

4

 

 

5

Meals expenses (see instructions)

5

 

 

6Total expenses. In Column A, add lines 1 through 4 and enter the result. In Column

B, enter the amount from line 5

6

Note: If you weren’t reimbursed for any expenses in Step 1, skip line 7 and enter the amount from line 6 on line 8.

Step 2 Enter Reimbursements Received From Your Employer for Expenses Listed in Step 1

7Enter reimbursements received from your employer that weren’t reported to you in box 1 of Form W-2. Include any reimbursements reported under code “L” in box 12 of your Form W-2 (see instructions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7

Step 3 Figure Expenses To Deduct

8

Subtract line 7 from line 6. If zero or less, enter -0-. However, if line 7 is greater than

 

 

 

line 6 in Column A, report the excess as income on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 1 (or

 

 

 

on Form 1040-NR, line 1a)

8

 

 

Note: If both columns of line 8 are zero, you can’t deduct

 

 

 

employee business expenses. Stop here and attach Form 2106 to your return.

 

 

 

 

 

 

9

In Column A, enter the amount from line 8. In Column B, multiply line 8 by 50% (0.50)

9

 

10Add the amounts on line 9 of both columns and enter the total here. Also, enter the total on Schedule 1 (Form 1040), line 11. Employees with impairment-related work expenses, see the instructions for rules

on where to enter the total on your return

. . . . . . . . . . . .

10

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see your tax return instructions.

Cat. No. 11700N

Form 2106 (2020)

Form 2106 (2020)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Page 2

 

 

Vehicle Expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

Part II

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Section A—General Information (You must complete this section if you are

 

(a)

Vehicle 1

 

(b) Vehicle 2

claiming vehicle expenses.)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11

Enter the date the vehicle was placed in service

11

/

/

 

/

/

12

Total miles the vehicle was driven during 2020

12

 

miles

 

 

miles

13

Business miles included on line 12

13

 

miles

 

 

miles

14

Percent of business use. Divide line 13 by line 12

14

 

%

 

 

%

15

Average daily roundtrip commuting distance

15

 

miles

 

 

miles

16

Commuting miles included on line 12

16

 

miles

 

 

miles

17

Other miles. Add lines 13 and 16 and subtract the total from line 12 . .

17

 

miles

 

 

miles

18

Was your vehicle available for personal use during off-duty hours?

Yes

No

19

Do you (or your spouse) have another vehicle available for personal use?

Yes

No

20

Do you have evidence to support your deduction?

Yes

No

21

If “Yes,” is the evidence written?

Yes

No

Section B—Standard Mileage Rate (See the instructions for Part II to find out whether to complete this section or Section C.)

22Multiply line 13 by 57.5¢ (0.575). Enter the result here and on line 1 . . . . . . . . . . . .

Section C—Actual Expenses

22

(a) Vehicle 1

(b) Vehicle 2

23

Gasoline, oil, repairs, vehicle insurance, etc. .

23

 

 

 

 

24a

Vehicle rentals

24a

 

 

 

b

Inclusion amount (see instructions) . . . .

24b

 

 

 

c

Subtract line 24b from line 24a

24c

 

 

 

 

25Value of employer-provided vehicle (applies only if 100% of annual lease value was included on

 

Form W-2—see instructions)

25

 

 

 

 

26

Add lines 23, 24c, and 25

26

 

 

 

 

27

Multiply line 26 by the percentage on line 14 .

27

 

 

 

 

28

Depreciation (see instructions)

28

 

 

 

 

29

Add lines 27 and 28. Enter total here and on line 1

29

 

 

 

 

Section D—Depreciation of Vehicles (Use this section only if you owned the vehicle and are completing Section C for the vehicle.)

(a) Vehicle 1

(b) Vehicle 2

30

Enter cost or other basis (see instructions) . .

30

31Enter section 179 deduction and special allowance

(see instructions)

31

32Multiply line 30 by line 14 (see instructions if you claimed the section 179 deduction or special

allowance)

. . . . . . . . . . . .

32

33Enter depreciation method and percentage (see

instructions)

33

34Multiply line 32 by the percentage on line 33 (see

instructions)

34

 

 

 

 

35 Add lines 31 and 34

35

 

 

 

 

36Enter the applicable limit explained in the line 36

 

instructions

36

 

 

 

 

37

Multiply line 36 by the percentage on line 14 .

37

 

 

 

 

38

Enter the smaller of line 35 or line 37. If you

 

 

 

 

 

 

skipped lines 36 and 37, enter the amount from

 

 

 

 

 

 

line 35. Also enter this amount on line 28 above

38

 

 

 

 

Form 2106 (2020)

Document Specifications

Fact Name Description
Purpose The IRS Form 2106 is used to report employee business expenses. It helps employees deduct costs incurred while performing job-related duties.
Eligibility Not all taxpayers can use Form 2106. It is primarily for employees who are eligible for deductions under specific circumstances, such as those using an accountable plan.
Cost Categories Common costs that can be reported include travel expenses, vehicle expenses, meals, and entertainment directly related to business activities.
Disallowed Deductions Personal expenses, commuting costs, and specific types of entertainment are not deductible on Form 2106.
Accountable vs. Non-accountable Plans Employees under accountable plans must submit detailed records. In contrast, those under non-accountable plans face different rules regarding deductions.
Filing Requirement Form 2106 is typically filed with the taxpayer's annual income tax return using Form 1040.
State Variations Several states have specific rules regarding employee deductions. For instance, California has its own forms and regulations under California Revenue and Taxation Code Sections 17201 and 17271.
Record Keeping Taxpayers must retain receipts and documentation supporting their claimed expenses for at least three years from the date of filing.
Tax Impact Deductions from Form 2106 can lower taxable income, potentially reducing overall tax liability for qualifying employees.

Steps to Filling Out IRS 2106

To fill out the IRS Form 2106, follow these straightforward steps. Make sure you have all the necessary documents handy, such as receipts for expenses. This form helps report your deductible employee business expenses to the IRS.

  1. Start with your personal information. Fill in your name, Social Security number, and address on the top of the form.
  2. Indicate your occupation. This provides context for the business expenses you plan to report.
  3. In Part I, list your business expenses. Begin with travel expenses related to your business. Include information about transportation costs, lodging, and meals.
  4. Continue to fill in other expenses. This includes costs for using your car for business purposes. Make sure to document the number of miles driven for work.
  5. Move to Part II. Here, you will calculate your total business expenses. Add up all the costs listed in Part I.
  6. Make sure to keep records. Collect all related receipts and documentation for the expenses you have reported. This will be important if you need to verify your information later.
  7. Review the form. Check for any errors or omissions. Accuracy is important to avoid delays or issues with your tax return.
  8. Finally, sign and date the form. This confirms that all the information provided is accurate and complete.

Once you have completed Form 2106, keep a copy for your records. You will need to attach this form to your tax return when filing. If you have any questions or find something confusing during the process, consider seeking assistance from a tax professional.

More About IRS 2106

What is the IRS Form 2106?

The IRS Form 2106, also known as the Employee Business Expenses form, is used by employees to report expenses related to their jobs. The form helps employees claim deductions for costs incurred while performing their work duties, particularly when these expenses are not reimbursed by their employer. Common expenses that can be reported include travel, meals, and equipment costs.

Who should use Form 2106?

Form 2106 is designed for employees who incur unreimbursed expenses while carrying out job responsibilities. If you're an employee and your employer does not reimburse you for costs such as travel or supplies, this form may apply to you. However, some self-employed individuals use a different form to report business expenses.

What types of expenses can be claimed on Form 2106?

Typical expenses include vehicle costs, travel costs that are not reimbursed, business-related meals, and any other costs necessary for your job that your employer does not cover. It’s essential to keep detailed records and receipts for all claimed expenses, as these may be necessary for verification.

Are there any limitations on the expenses reported on Form 2106?

Yes, there are limitations. For instance, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 suspended the deduction for employee business expenses for most employees through 2025. However, specific categories, like certain performing arts professionals or members of the Armed Forces, may still qualify. Always check current IRS guidelines or consult a tax professional for the most accurate information.

How do I fill out Form 2106?

To fill out Form 2106, start by entering personal information, including your name and social security number. Then, report your eligible business expenses in the designated categories. Accurate calculations are vital, along with adding any necessary schedules or additional paperwork that may support your claims. Review everything for accuracy before submitting.

Is Form 2106 different from Schedule C?

Yes, there is a distinction between these two forms. Form 2106 is for employees to report unreimbursed expenses, while Schedule C is used by self-employed individuals to report income and deductions. Self-employed individuals typically report all expenses on Schedule C rather than using Form 2106.

When is the deadline for submitting Form 2106?

The deadline for submitting Form 2106 generally coincides with the tax filing deadline, which is usually April 15. If you need more time, you can file for an extension, but it’s essential to submit the form by the extended deadline to avoid penalties. Always verify the specific date of the tax deadline each year, as it can occasionally change.

Common mistakes

  1. Incorrectly classifying expenses: Many people mistakenly categorize their expenses, leading to potential audits or penalties. Knowing the distinction between personal and business expenses is crucial.

  2. Failure to keep receipts: Not retaining receipts or documentation for expenses can result in missed deductions. Documentation is key for substantiating claims made on the form.

  3. Omitting reimbursed expenses: Some individuals mistakenly include expenses that they’ve already been reimbursed for by their employers. These should not be reported again.

  4. Incorrect mileage tracking: People often forget to keep a log of their business mileage or don't record it accurately. This can lead to incorrect deductions.

  5. Missing out on eligible deductions: Failing to claim all eligible deductions can be a costly mistake. Familiarizing oneself with qualifying expenses is essential.

  6. Not using the most recent form: Using an outdated version of the IRS 2106 can lead to errors and complications. Always ensure you have the latest form.

  7. Rushing through the form: Taking your time to carefully complete the form helps prevent mistakes. Hasty work usually leads to oversights.

  8. Failing to report all relevant information: Omitting important details or explanations can complicate matters. Providing complete and accurate information is vital.

Documents used along the form

The IRS Form 2106 is used by employees to claim unreimbursed business expenses. When filing taxes, you may need to submit other forms and documents that complement the information provided on this form. Here are some common documents that are often filed together with the IRS Form 2106.

  • IRS Schedule A (Form 1040): This form allows taxpayers to itemize their deductions. If expenses from Form 2106 are being claimed, they typically get reported here, contributing to the overall deductions on your tax return.
  • Form 8829: This is used to detail expenses for business use of your home. If you work from home and incur expenses related to your residence's business use, this form is necessary.
  • Form 3903: If you're claiming expenses related to moving for work, this form documents those costs. It is used to calculate and claim your moving expenses if they qualify under IRS guidelines.
  • Form W-2: This form provides information on your wages, tips, and other compensation from your employer. It is important because it shows your taxable income and must accompany Form 2106 for context regarding reported expenses.

These forms work together to ensure a clear and complete representation of your financial situation when filing taxes. Properly preparing and submitting these documents can make a significant difference in your tax outcome.

Similar forms

The IRS Form 3903 is similar to Form 2106 in that it is used for claiming moving expenses. Employees who relocate for work may use this form to detail costs associated with the move. Both forms require specific documentation and are focused on expenses that organizations may reimburse or that employees can deduct to alleviate their tax liabilities.

An additional document that resembles Form 2106 is the IRS Form 8829, which pertains to claiming expenses for business use of your home. Much like Form 2106, Form 8829 aims to deduct expenses directly related to a work-related environment. Taxpayers need to provide a breakdown of expenses, making both forms essential for ensuring accurate tax reporting.

Form 4797 focuses on the sale of business property and allows for certain deductions. While it serves a different purpose than Form 2106, it also requires detailed financial records and calculation of gains and losses. Taxpayers need to demonstrate how their business-related activities have affected their financial outcomes, similar to how employees outline their work-related expenses on Form 2106.

The IRS Form 1040 Schedule C offers a way for sole proprietors to report income and expenses. This document stands alongside Form 2106 in its purpose of recording work-related costs but is specifically for individuals who own their businesses. Both forms require careful tracking of expenses to maximize allowable deductions on your tax return.

Form 8862, which is used to claim the Earned Income Credit after having been denied in a prior year, shares a similar need for thorough documentation with Form 2106. Both forms are vital for demonstrating eligibility for essential tax benefits. Each form guides users through the documentation process, ensuring that they provide necessary evidence to the IRS.

Form 4562, which allows taxpayers to claim depreciation on property, can be seen as akin to Form 2106 in its detailing of financial expenses. Both require a breakdown of how affiliated costs relate to income generating activities. Form 4562 helps taxpayers manage values of their assets, much like how Form 2106 helps effectively manage employee expenses.

Form 8949 is used to report sales and exchanges of capital assets. Although its focus is on investment rather than employment-related expenses, like Form 2106, it requires precise documentation of financial transactions. Both forms help taxpayers report deductions accurately while adhering to tax regulations.

IRS Form 8824 pertains to like-kind exchanges, where property exchanges do not trigger immediate tax consequences. This form bears similarity to Form 2106 in its requirement for complete and detailed records. Both forms direct taxpayers in accurately reporting financial scenarios to potentially reduce tax burdens.

Lastly, Schedule A of Form 1040 details itemized deductions that taxpayers can claim. This is similar to Form 2106 since it involves deducting expenses, but it's applicable to various personal deductions rather than those strictly related to employment. Both forms guide taxpayers through complex deductions, aiding in a thorough and accurate tax filing process.

Dos and Don'ts

When filling out the IRS Form 2106, there are essential practices to follow, as well as some common pitfalls to avoid. This form is used by employees to deduct certain business expenses. Adhering to the guidelines ensures accuracy and compliance.

Do's:

  • Gather all necessary documents, such as receipts and statements, before starting.
  • Clearly list all expenses that qualify for deduction, including travel, meals, and supplies.
  • Maintain detailed records of your business-related activities to support your claims.
  • Review the current IRS guidelines for Form 2106 to ensure compliance.

Don'ts:

  • Do not include personal expenses that are not related to your job.
  • Avoid writing vague descriptions of expenses; specificity is crucial.
  • Don’t forget to sign and date the form before submission, as this is necessary for processing.
  • Refrain from submitting the form without verifying it for errors or omissions.

Being diligent in these practices will help you navigate the complexities of tax deductions with confidence.

Misconceptions

  • Misconception 1: The IRS 2106 form is only for employees in specific professions.

    This form is often misunderstood as applicable solely to certain job categories, such as truck drivers or traveling salespeople. In reality, it can be used by any employee incurring unreimbursed business expenses related to their job.

  • Misconception 2: Only self-employed individuals need to file this form.

    Although self-employed individuals do keep track of business expenses, the IRS 2106 form can also be utilized by W-2 employees. Employees claiming business expenses for reimbursement or deduction can benefit from this form.

  • Misconception 3: All expenses can be deducted using the IRS 2106 form.

    This form does not allow for all business-related expenses to be deductible. Only certain expenses, such as those directly related to travel, meals, and entertainment, qualify under specific conditions.

  • Misconception 4: The 2106 form guarantees a tax refund.

    Filing this form does not ensure a refund. While it may help reduce taxable income, the outcome depends on various factors, including total deductions and overall tax liability.

  • Misconception 5: The form is too complicated to complete.

    While some might view it as daunting, the IRS 2106 form includes clear instructions. With careful attention and accurate record-keeping, many individuals find the process manageable.

Key takeaways

Here are some important points to remember when filling out and using the IRS Form 2106:

  1. Purpose: Form 2106 is used by employees to report business expenses related to their job when they are not reimbursed by their employer.
  2. Eligible Expenses: Common deductions include travel, meals, and vehicle expenses incurred while performing job duties.
  3. Record Keeping: It's crucial to keep detailed records and receipts for all expenses to support your claims. This documentation can be vital if the IRS has questions.
  4. Job Requirement: You must be required to incur expenses in connection with your work, and these expenses must be necessary and ordinary to qualify.
  5. Reimbursement: If your employer reimburses you for a portion of your expenses, only claim the unreimbursed amount on the form.
  6. Limitations: Keep in mind that there are limitations on what can be deducted, so thorough research or guidance may be helpful.
  7. Submitting with Tax Return: Form 2106 should be submitted with your income tax return; it is not a standalone form.
  8. Tax Software: Many tax preparation software programs handle Form 2106, streamlining the process for you.
  9. Self-Employed Individuals: If you are self-employed, use Schedule C instead of Form 2106 for reporting business expenses.
  10. Yearly Updates: Be aware that IRS rules change from year to year, so keep up to date with any new guidelines or requirements related to reporting expenses.

By understanding the ins and outs of Form 2106, you can maximize your tax deductions and ensure compliance with IRS regulations.